Concepts of Business Education Essay

Presentations: The nurses will be shown presentations by experienced nurses and doctors. 5. Quiz: There will be quizzes held for the nurses on the things taught. 6. Evaluation: The nurses will be evaluated according to their performance. 7. Demonstrations: The nurses will be given demonstrations by the experienced nurses on care giving. 8. Implementation: The nurses will have to demonstrate whatever they have learnt under the supervision of the department head. 9. Post evaluation: Depending on the performance of the nurses, they will be posted in the required departments. The most basic problem of philosophy of education is that concerning aims: what are the proper aims and guiding ideals of education? What are the proper criteria for evaluating educational efforts, institutions, practices, and products? Some of the AIMS proposed or involved in the educational endeavor are †¢cultivation of curiosity and the disposition to inquire fostering of creativity †¢production of knowledge and of knowledgeable students †¢enhancement of understanding †¢promotion of moral thinking †¢feeling and action †¢enlargement of the imagination fostering of growth, development, and self-realization Based on the AIMS concept we are building an online learning system for our employees: Ideally, the learning outcomes in order of priority are ?Translated into course content, resources and an approach to the teaching and learning process that will enable a student to achieve those outcomes. ?Once these basic parameters have been thought through, the courseware development team will share the responsibility of translating the theory and intentions into courseware and online learning functions. These courses will then be delivered by the learning management system (LMS) ? LMS will interface with the library and other digital resources & related services along with the student information system (SIS) ? This activity will be done through a secure server that can authenticate the student login. From the students’ point of view, they will connect to the LMS and the related services through a user-friendly users’ portal, with a single login, they can have access to their courses and can be linked to all related resources and services. Finally, to ensure ongoing improvement, an evaluation process for the effectiveness of the system, based on achievement of the learning outcomes and students’ feedback will be put in place, in the form of an independent quality assessment process, which also provides feeds back into the development cycle. Through the above steps the organization plans to provide quality education by making them online, the courses would cover organizational development programs like oTime Management oLeadership Skills Training oConflict Management Workforce Development Relating LMS ; Courses to AIMS as per John Dewey †¢AIMS always relate to results, the first and most important thing is whether the work assigned possesses intrinsic continuity †¢AIMS implies an orderly and ordered activity, one in which the order consists in the progressive completion of a process †¢AIMS means foresight in advance of the end or possible termination †¢AIMS as a foreseen end gives direction to the activity; it’s not an idle view for the spectator but influences steps taken to reach the end. How each prior event leads into its successor while the successor takes up what is furnished and utilizes it for some other stage, until we arrive at the end, which summarizes and finishes the process? †¢Foresight functions in 3 ways ?Involves careful observation of given conditions and means available to reach the end. ?Suggest the proper order or sequence in the use of means, facilitating economical selection and arrangement. ?Makes choice of alternatives possible

Jamie Oliver’s language Essay

In this essay I am going to be talking about the different aspects of Jamie Oliver’s language and how he adapts and uses these language features in his TED speech.Jamie Oliver successfully uses many language devices in order to help him communicate with his audience. I will be looking at Oliver’s and examining how effective it is and also some features of spontaneous speech, which are shown in the speech.Firstly, I am going to look at Jamie Oliver’s planned and prepared language that he uses. Oliver has obviously taken time to adapt his lexis to suit his American audience.Phrases such as â€Å"health care bills† and â€Å"dollars† are some examples of this. Using these Americanisms would ensure that his audience understands the full message that he is trying to put across to them. If he used phrases such as â€Å"pounds† it would weaken the emphasis he is making he could not have full communication with his audience, as they would struggle to understand the extent of his message. Next, there is a strong display of socialect and idiolect in Jamie Oliver’s spontaneous speech. This shows that even though he has adapted some of his lexis and thought about what he is going to say, he often switches to spontaneous speech and his socialect and idiolect come through. An example of this is â€Å" ain’t†. As this is a very-English word, it shows that this would be part of Oliver’s spontaneous speech. However it may also have been planned as it shows that even though he is trying to adapt to suit his audience he may have used â€Å"ain’t† to keep his identity and also make his speech more engaging.Pauses are a common prosodic feature in Jamie Oliver’s speech. Often used subconsciously, they are slight breaks in speech that can be used in spontaneous speech for the speaker to think about what they are going to say next, but also can be planned in order to add effect. An example of are long pause is â€Å"let’s be honest guys,(0.5) you ain’t got that cash.† This is a clear example of using pauses to add effect. Its hows that Oliver is passionate about the subject he is talking about and adding as light humourous edge to his talk.All these are features that Jamie Oliver uses in his speech, whether it be spontaneous or planned. Each one has a specific effect and adds to his speech. Altogether I have found that these features are integral to the success of his speech and enhance the message he is bringing to his audience.

We All Fall Down – Plus Related Text

Nelson Mandela, Former South African President, said â€Å"After climbing a great hill, one only finds that there are many more hills to climb† a journey is full of obstacles, Mandela believed this on his quest to unify the South African people whether they were black or white, he aimed to make them one. For a journey to be effective, they require self-belief and perseverance, when you fall down you have to get back up, and the most important thing that will inspire and influence a change is the reflection one undergoes once it has come to an end.Robert Cormier author of We All Fall Down, Clint Eastwood, director of Invictus and Rosemary Dobson, the poet behind Folding the Sheets all relate their pieces of work to a journey directly or indirectly. In Robert Cormier’s We All Fall Down he uses character development to express a journey. Two key journeys that are represented are the ones in which relate to Buddy Walker and Harry Flowers. Buddy has a problem with alcoholism and his dysfunctional family due to his father walking out on them.Harry is a manipulative character and he acts like he can control anyone especially Buddy. It is ironic that Cormier gave Buddy the last name Walker to demonstrate that it was inevitable that Buddy’s father was going to walk out on them and contribute to what fuels Buddy to drink. The relationship between Buddy and Harry is subtle and hidden as they don’t share many things in common apart from the fact that they are both lost and don’t seem to fit in.Although once compared to each other after the trashing of Karen and Jane’s house Buddy shows the beginning of his development through his feeling of guilt and demonstrating that he has some part of human respect in him, Harry on the other hand doesn’t show any remorse and continues on with his life not caring about how he acts and how he always gets his way. One of Buddy’s major developing moments is when he begins to move away from the group and continues to follow his own path rather than joining in with drinking and the other plans they make.Buddy’s two major inspirations to stop his drinking are Jane and Addy, Addy finds Buddy’s bottles and hides them and will not give them back to him and states â€Å"the sins of omission† the sin of doing nothing. Buddy won Jane on the base that he would give up drinking for her, although he still drinks it isn’t as meaningful compared to the relationship he has with Jane. Harry changes dramatically as through out the novel he has a key moment at the end of the novel after Jane breaks up with Buddy.Harry calls Jane and says â€Å"I took advantage of his shitty life†¦ he is a good guy and don’t be so hard on him† this shows that Harry has began to show remorse on his actions during the trashing is on a â€Å"road to recovery†. The similarity between all of the characters and journeys in this novel is that they all want to belong. Similarly to We All Fall Down, Invictus also follows a journey of wanting to belong, reconciliation, and progression. Nelson Mandela was a prisoner for several years and on his release made President of South Africa.Eastwood used Mandela and Francois Pienaar as key protagonists to bring two divided nations within the one together. Eastwood uses character development to represent the journey of unity. Black against white. Mandela’s goal was to unite South Africa and create equality for black and white people. â€Å"he’s unlike any person I’ve ever met† Mandela is not any ordinay person, he inspired an entire group of people to fight for rights and at the end of the film this is achieved. â€Å"The Rainbow Nation starts here. Reconciliation starts here.Forgiveness starts here too. † Mandela always believed in creation the Rainbow Nation, he was motivated and was inspired. His inspiration inspired he rest of South Africa. Eastwood use s the Rugby as Mandela’s message to the world, he uses Pienaar as a way to get to his team and unify them to share his views on black and white South Africa. The key part to Mandela’s success is the fact he spent several years in prison sacrificing a significant amount of time in his life to change the nation, and change it he did. Undefeated, Unconquerable, Invictus.Mandela wasn’t defeated, he wasn’t conquered but he conquered the South African common attitude and changed it to create equality for black people. â€Å"The Rainbow Nation starts here. † Mandela inspired a nation and the world, helped Pienaar motivate his team an his country to support them trough a rough time and lead themselves to the victory and the glory of winning the World Cup and gave something to all South Africans to share, a reborn nation and the glory of success. Invictus and Folding the Sheets share the similarity of recognising unity.The unity of a nation and the unity of a world and the elements. Dobson uses unity to represent her journey â€Å"from Lapland†¦ to India†. Dobson’s message in her poem is achieving world peace and unity â€Å"You and I will fold the sheets†. He folding of the sheet represents a job that is hard to be completed by ones elf but requires several people to make it easy if they work together, which also relates to how we can work together to achieve world peace and unity between all nations rich or poor, great or weak.The use of mentioning three of the elements earlier on it the poem and stating the fourth in the end represents unity and the coming together of a balance of the earth which van also relate to the coming together of the world â€Å"Together we will match the corners†, it is not possible to achieve unity single handed, it requires a shared belief in achieving it. These three text-types all relate to journeys as they share the commonality of unity and character development.They s how how a journey can either be completed by moving away from people and showing you can stand for yourself and not be controlled by a manipulator, or if you wish to achieve unity or justice then you cant change the world or a nation by your self, you require to share a common belief that it can be done. In their own unique ways We all Fall Down, Invictus and Folding the Sheets all relate to a journey. The two texts and the film all show that we encounter heartache along the way but perseverance and motivation can help us continue no matter how hard the path ahead is.

Cholestral Panel Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Cholestral Panel - Assignment Example Lipoproteins are, however, of two different types that are the low-density lipoproteins abbreviated as LDL and the high-density lipoproteins (HDL). These two lipoproteins together with a fifth of the triglyceride level make up the total cholesterol in the body that is determined by conducting a blood test (Fernandez, 2012). The low-density lipoproteins are considered as a bad type of cholesterol as it contributes to plaque formation that is a thick hard deposit that clogs the arteries making them less flexible. The medical condition is referred to as atherosclerosis that can result in a stroke or a heart attack. If blockage takes place in an artery, that supply’s the legs, peripheral artery disease results. Thus, LDL levels needs to be low and they are controlled by avoiding foods that are highly saturated in fat, dietary cholesterol and excess calories, increasing exercise levels as well as maintain a healthy weight (Steinberg & Witztum, 2010). On the other hand, the high-density lipoproteins are considered as good cholesterol as it helps LDL removal especially from the arteries and back to the liver. Thus, it acts as a scavenger as it protects against stroke or a heart occurrence that the LDL levels increase (Sala, Catapano, & Norata, 2012). The levels of HDL in the body should always be high as possible and this can be achieved by avoiding saturated fat foods, decreasing the body weight among the obese and regular exercising for at least 20 minutes in three times every week. Triglycerides are another fat type in the body used in the storage of excess energy from the diet. Increased levels of triglycerides in the body is associated with increased risk or atheroma formation and is often as a result obesity and overweight, cigarette smoking and excessive consumption of alcohol, physical inactivity and intake of food high in carbohydrates. Diet

Applying for Master in Bridge of teaching Personal Statement

Applying for Master in Bridge of teaching - Personal Statement Example ity degree, I will be in a better position to apply the skills that I learnt during my undergraduate years to the masters programme to ease my success. My professional goals as an educator is to educate, inspire, learn and change. I believe that ambitious educators are the ones who enter teaching to be agents of change. There is no denying that education is one of the biggest factors that affect positive change in our society. I want to be the person who educates these students and make them agents of change in our society. Also, I want to inspire students in every aspect of their lives from problems they face at home to their own personal issues to external issues like having not faith in education. I want to educate my future students and give them adequate information that will help brighten their future. Finally, I also hope to learn from my professional new things that I will be able to pass on to others in order to also influence their learning. During my undergraduate studies, I interacted with a lot of students from different cultures a majority of them being Hispanics, who mostly speak Spanish. At first, I used to say to myself that there was no need to try and relate to people from different cultures in my university because they would not help me much, but I was wrong. I started developing friends from these other cultures and the more I knew them the more I started seeing them as equals. I even enjoyed learning to know their culture and what it took for them to reach where they are now. They taught me some new aspects of life, that as humans, we need to be social and learn to love others and appreciate them. I feel like undertaking this masters degree will make me meet more of such students and will develop each other. I have learnt that in order for humans to prosper, we need other. We should develop each other in order to prosper. During my time in university, if it was not my forming friends with people from a different culture, I would not have

Politisc Research Proposal Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Politisc - Research Proposal Example The independent variable is gender, age, level of interest in elections, bases to pick political party, level of trust in British politicians and opinion regarding effectiveness of voting. The questionnaire is to include all of the independent and dependent variables. The answers of the questionnaire are entered in the SPSS processor for statistical analysis. The data obtained from the questionnaire will be a mix of categorical and numerical. The categorical data will be gender, interest in elections, bases to pick party, opinion of effectiveness of voting, party to vote for. This categorical data will be enumerated and encoded in order to reflect the level of intensity of each category. This code is later used in the statistical engine to infer logical assumptions from the data. The numerical data to be used is age and level of trust of the British politicians. From the above table it is evident that the trust level for the British politicians is 4.3 on a scale from zero to ten. The standard deviation is 2.61 indicating that almost 75% of the sample trusts their politicians at a level from 1.7 to 6.9. The following figure demonstrates the distribution of the level of trust among sample tested. An alpha value of .05 is chosen to accept or reject the null hypothesis. The hypothesis to be tested is the level of dependence of the variable vote on the independent variables gender, age, level of interest in elections, bases to pick political party, level of

Blindsight Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Blindsight - Research Paper Example The result is that there is a reduction in the visual sensitivity that responds to luminance contrast; the case being more severe in case of high spatial and low temporal frequencies (Barbur, Harlow, & Weiskrantz, 1994). It is also a phenomenon that this sensitivity is not totally finished off in case of low spatial and high temporal frequencies and this is the reason that several reports have been made of residual visual capacities; in this is included detecting and discriminating any stimuli that may be present within the field defect. Such is what happens in forced-choice tests (Cowey, 2010). The phenomenon of blindsight does not just state that it is normal vision but in the absence of awareness. Besides the loss of primary visual cortex, there is another issue that has to be considered. Retrograde degeneration of relay neurons within the subsequent areas of the lateral geniculate nucleus and concomitant transneuronal degeneration of as much as 90% of the retinal ganglion cells ( especially the P? ganglion cells) (Cowey, Stoerig, & Perry, 1989) is responsible for the extremely low contrast sensitivity for low temporal and high spatial frequencies, with subsequent damages to the capacity of discriminating form, reduced motion, and wavelength (Cowey, 2010) – these skills are usually dependent upon the parvocellular system (Schiller, Logothetis, & Charles, 1990). Literature Review The problem of blindsight in human beings has a certain exceptional property. This property states that there is a possibility of detecting and discriminating a stimulus even without there being any subjective awareness. That means, a person suffering from blindsight does still have certain visual abilities, and two of these capacities include detection and discrimination of movement (Weiskrantz, 1986). The patients suffering from blindsight are actually blind to conscious visual perception but they do have the ability of performing visual manual reaching works, which means tha t they can respond to visual information although they do not have any visual perception (Sanders, et al., 1974). According to certain studies cortically blind patients have the ability of discriminating the direction of motion of single spots (King, et al., 1996) and bars (Azzopardi & Cowey, 2001); they are better able to discriminate the faster moving things and this suggests that their sensitivity to high temporal frequencies is increased (Barbur, Harlow, & Weiskrantz, 1994). The cases of blindsight that have already been published had been caused due to lesions in the visual cortex. These patients still adhere to their feature of functional vision, for instance the ability to detect movement, to point correctly at light flashes in the absence of conscious visual perception, and to be able to guess if there is a stimulus in the visual blind field. The cortically blind patients do not hold the ability of discriminating the direction of the stimuli movement that does not change its location globally, for example, gratings and random dot kinematograms that depict transformation, comparative movement, and motion in depth (Azzopardi & Cowey, 2001). There is still a possibility of there being a difference in the direction discrimination and random kinematograms, gratings and so on, due to the fact that such stimuli concern themselves with various motion-processing methods that are reliable in relation to the variations that might be present between them regarding their local and global features. When this argument is considered it will be possible for there to be discrimination of direction in the cortically blind visual field on the grounds of a method which directly perceives movement information of the stimulus.

Revisit my anwser to the question in week one What is Wisdom Essay

Revisit my anwser to the question in week one What is Wisdom - Essay Example My initial conception of this view mainly derived through the book, The Last Days of Socrates by Hugh Tredennick and Harold Tarrant, has been reinforced by further readings of authors like William Thomas, Aldous Huxley, Joseph Piper, Victor Frank. Before reading Socrates, I was focused on the materialistic concepts of wisdom, believing that wisdom, within context of modern life, refers to the success a person achieves materialistically. But after mulling over the philosophical musings of these renowned authors, I became aware that one’s spirituality definitely plays a key role in evolving his individuality by which he strives for the pursuit of wisdom, and there by acquires happiness. Thus my distorted perception of human wisdom and welfare transformed drastically through the treasure trove of knowledge I could acquire from the profound works of these great men. They promulgated the concept that living the life of a values, guided by spiritually and motivated by true virtues, for the common good of humanity is one philosophy that can salvage the man’s soul rather than hours together spent in religious rituals or millions of sermons chanted to appease gods. It now transpires to me that wisdom is the essential thread that holds together the astute concepts of spirituality, philosophy, ultimate happiness and there by supreme attainment of the soul. This, I understand, is the true meaning or purpose of life. The impact of this has enabled me to think positively and see life in a new perspective and meaning as the realization dawns on me that overall what the present world lacks is the essential insight into the need of spirituality due to which its focus const antly shifts to the wrong direction of materialism. And, unfortunately humans fail to realize where this ignorance, that entails from the lack of wisdom, is going to take them. The works of authors like Socrates, Thoreau, Huxley, Piper and Frankl read and

Essay Summary Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Summary - Essay Example unconsciously mold society through these tools, wherein these tools also mold their values, beliefs, attitudes, and practices in their different fields and in their own homes and families (277). In â€Å"Authoritarian High Modernism,† James Scott agrees that architecture can respond to various social problems during the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. Like Le Corbusier, Scott believes that architecture rises to the challenge of social changes due to technological and economic progress. Scott also asserts that studying the origin of architecture was and is a modern activity because it fits the constant desire for social benefits and social solutions. His difference with Le Corbusier is his specific focus on high modernism that has its strengths of trying to improve the social fabric and enabling the social participation of modernist thinkers, while its weaknesses are ruthlessness in advancing modernist ideals and disastrous effects, when political controls are weak or defi cient. 2. In â€Å"Ornament and Crime,† Loos criticizes the use of ornament in architecture. Loos asserts that using ornaments buildings is a crime of the degenerate (20). In order to be culturally developed, he emphasizes that architects must remove ornaments from their buildings (Loos 20). Furthermore, Loose argues that ornamentation wastes time and energy. Architects must focus on function, not ornamental form, to create buildings that have true functions for users. Finally, Loos thinks that to vie for ornaments is not natural of higher intelligence. Ornaments are superficial and wasteful exercises for him. Semper feels differently in â€Å"The Textile Art† because he argues that textiles and buildings have the same origins- the need to turn invisible open space into visibly enclosed spaces. Whereas Loos finds ornament as unnatural, Semper asserts that ornamenting the body and the space through architecture is natural to people’s desire for art (254). Despite these differences, Semper and

In Miltons paradise lost, god Essay Example for Free

In Miltons paradise lost, god Essay In Miltons Paradise Lost, God is portrayed as having limited influence and contact with our world. This is perhaps a result of his respect for free will/conscience. This lack of contact is supported by one; Gods passiveness, there are several situations in the book in which God seems like he should be able to influence events but he simply doesnt act. When he does act, he acts indirectly. God seems to execute his plans through either his angels or his son. Finally, perhaps the best indication of Gods limited connections is in the cases where God uses complicated, elaborate plans to do things that if he really had 100% power he would perform simply and immaculately. In the book Paradise Lost, God plays a relatively passive role considering that he is by far the most significant character in this book. He seems to sit up on his heavenly throne and observes rather than interact with his creations. A good case of this is in Book three lines 80-90, when God watches Satan ascending from hell. It would seem that when he was alerted by Uriel, the archangel would have been a good time to intervene and smite down Satan. It almost seems like Miltons God wants the events of Paradise Lost to transpire because he yields so many times at so many opportunities to stop Satan. Satan should have been stopped at the very beginning. God must have foreseen this incident (the partaking of the forbidden fruit,) after all, does he not have sight of the future, past and present? (Book Three lines 75-80) Sadly, no-one will ever know what God was planning when he allowed Satan to run rampant in the garden. Or then again, maybe God wasnt planning anything at all but rather leaving events to unfold without divine intervention, thus his seeming respect for free will. The only problem with that theory though, is that God punished Adam and Eve for making a decision with the free will that he gave them. Two other instances make cases against Gods absolute power. Why was hell so easily escaped by Satan? One would think that a Purgatory created by God himself would be impenetrable. Even stranger is the case with the Angelic War. Although for the most part symbolic, God either was not capable or at least unwilling to strike down Satans attempted conquest before it began. Instead, God chose once again to remain passive and allow things to go along for awhile. A good question to ask at this point is just what are Gods intentions? If he truly wanted a perfect heaven with conformist angels, what is stopping him from taking their free will? That leads to the point that possibly the reason why Gods influence is limited is his own conscience, based on his respect of free will. When God does act in the story, it is almost exclusively indirectly through his Son, (as in Book Nine,) or through his Archangels. The most well-known case where God acts through his Son is when God sent him down to be sacrificed upon the cross. Although this specific event does not occur within this story, the reasoning behind it is lengthily discussed especially in Book Three. This however, only supports the thesis if one believes that Jesus is the son of God rather than the Christian view that God IS Jesus. (John, 8:58) Based on how Milton writes, it shows that he is using the interpretation of the Bible in which Jesus was created by God. Jesus plays a sympathetic role when it comes to mankind and often influences Gods decisions on what to do about Adam and Eve. He persuades God to allow him to go down to heaven to inform Adam about his state of sin. In this case, Jesus actually influences God rather than the usual case with God giving orders and Jesus acting carrying them out. God also acts a lot through his throng of angels. The archangels are his main instruments of manipulation. Of the seven archangels, Raphael, Michael, and Gabriel are the three most influential. God acts through Raphael most often. Raphael plays a large role in starting in Book Five lines 246-249 So spake thEtetnal Father, and fulfilld All Justice: nor delayd the winged Saint (Raphael)after his charge receivd. Raphael then proceeds down to the Garden to warn Adam and Eve of the impending danger posed by Satan. Raphael also spends Book Six and Book Seven informing Adam of the war in heaven and then telling him the nature of his own creation. Michael and Gabriel have slightly smaller roles than Raphael does; but they do get a chance to enact Gods will when he orders them to lead the faithful Angels in the war against Satan. The final case to prove Gods limited interactions and influence is when God seems to have to work around rules that he must have created himself. A good example of this is when he prepares for the redemption of man. It simply doesnt make sense that if God desires to redeem his creations that he simply doesnt grant them redemption from their sins. Instead he schemes up the elaborate plan to send his son down to receive punishment in place of man. Once again, this could be explained by God having to act within the parameters of what his conscience will allow, (regarding free will). Maybe God has to do these elaborate things so that he can justify to himself the redemption of man. Maybe he thinks that it is only right that somebody receives punishment. Cases similar in nature occur when God didnt keep Satan from entering the Garden of Eden and when he had to send the great flood. If not for his respect for free will, God wouldnt have had to allow mankind to sink so low. In Paradise Lost, Milton presents a God that is strangely limited in his actions and influence with his own creations. Whether through passiveness, indirectness, or a conscious distancing of himself God seems to allow many things to happen without direct intervention. However, this is not really a novel concept; people throughout history have questioned the concept of an all-powerful God in a very imperfect world.

Placement at a mental health rehabilitation centre

Placement at a mental health rehabilitation centre The purpose of this write up is to explore and analyse how learning theories informed knowledge development and competence in promoting health and psycho education in clinical settings. I will examine the principles underpinning the facilitation of learning and assessment. I will demonstrate my knowledge and understanding of the theoretical concepts in an episode in which I facilitated learning to clients while on placement at a Mental Health Rehabilitation Centre. Finally, I will use the reflective model by (Gibbs, 1988) to reflect on the strategies used within the episode and discuss the implications in relation to my future role as a nurse. The NMC (2008) stipulates that as nurses we must maintain our professional knowledge and competence regularly. You must keep knowledge and skills up to date throughout your working life and that you must take part in an appropriate learning and practice activities that will maintain and develop your competence and performance. In view of the aforementioned this essay is aimed at enhancing my knowledge and competence in facilitating learning through understanding of the underpinning concepts. I observed most residents having fast foods such as burgers, kebab, and chocolate as well as fuzzy drinks which are rich in saturated fatty and sugar for lunch regularly and they were also smoking a lot. I was really concerned because of my duty of care as a nurse (NMC, 2004) and due to findings from several researches for example (Bottomley and Mckeown, 2008 and Hallpike, 2008) which shows the risk of malnutrition was commonly associated with people with psychosis which predisposes them to host of physical health problems. I had a chat with my mentor of my intention to use the weekly communal meeting to carry out a teaching session to raise awareness and sensitise the residents on the effects of fatty foods and fuzzy drinks on their body chemistry and the need to improve and develop a healthier eating habits and life styles, considering the fact that most of them were on various antipsychotic medication which predisposes them to becoming obese. Timms (2008) said that a huge majority of people with mental health problems are most likely to have weight issue due to side effects of their antipsychotic medication. My mentor agreed to table it before the resident in the next meeting to gain their consent in compliance with NMC (2008). The residents consented to it and were quite interested because some them were really concerned about their weight and really wanted to do something about it. We agreed on a date for the teaching. The onus was now on me to facilitate the learning process that will empower the residents to take responsibility for their health and make a positive change. A vast majority of physical health problems are caused by people life styles and their failure to see the risk associated with their daily habits. Kiger (1995) defined health as state of balance between different facets of life suggesting that it is a dynamic concept which he termed movable. What this means is that our life styles can alter the balance resulting in an adverse effect on our health. As facilitators it is essential that we have a clear understanding of the different learning styles in order to tailor our teaching to meeting the varied approach of our learners. This is because learners are intrinsically different and preferred different ways of learning. Teaching is an act of imparting knowledge, a purposeful intervention aimed at promoting learning and causing learning to happen. Kemm and Close (1995) defined teaching is an act of assisting others to learn and putting it to use in their life. While Kiger (2004) defined teaching as a process of enabling people to learn through the dissemination of information and advice; it creates room for people to express their feeling, clarify their thought and acquired new skills. Learning is the acquisition of knowledge through education and experience. It is essentially important because it enable people to make informed choice about their own health. Roger (1996) defined learning as a kind of change often in knowledge but also in behaviour. Reece and Walker (2002) stated that learning brings about change and that teaching and learning proceeds pari passu and cannot be considered in isolation. I spent time engaging with the residents so as to build a therapeutic relationship based on trust whilst observing their behaviours as I gather information to facilitate the learning process. This was to enable me identify their preferred style of learning so as to increase ease of transmission of knowledge. There are a host of approaches available in health promotion. Ewles and Simlet (2003) identified five approaches which include medical, client-centred, behaviour, education and societal change. In his word all these approaches must be taken into cognition when undertaking health promotion to clients. Kolb (1984) developed the experimental learning theory (learning by doing) by this he suggested that learning is not fixed but formed from previous experiences. Kolb learning theory which is cyclical affirmed that people have different learning style and he identified four distinct learning styles as shown in figure 1 below includes concrete experience (having an experience ), reflective observation( taking time to reflective on their experience from different perspective), abstract conceptualization ( drawing their conclusions) and active experimentation ( putting theory into practice). For effective learning to happen Kolb said all this four must be taking into context when planning a teaching session. Honey and Mumfords learning cycle is slightly different from Kolb system. http://www.nwlink.com/~donclark/hrd/styles/honey_mumford.html Figure 1 Honey and Mumfords variation on the Kolb system Honey and Mumford (2000) said that there four different types of learners which must be taken into consideration when planning a teaching session as shown in figure 1 above. These include the activists, like learning situation that presents them with new challenges, problem solving, and role play and uses the first opportunity to experiment; reflector like brainstorming and learning activity that gives room for observation, thinking and reflecting on they have learned; theorist like to research into fact before taking it onboard, they prefer a step by step approach and pragmatist like practical based learning and been given the opportunity to try out techniques and getting feedback in return. In view of fact that people have varied approach to learning considering the fact that its a group teaching. I intend to present my teaching to my mentor first to get feedback on whether I have considered all the four learners identified by both Kolb and Honey and Mumford. As nurses the education of our clients about their health is a vital aspect of our nursing process. It is important that we use an approach that encompasses congruence, empathy and respect in assisting our client (Roger, 1996) instead of coercing them to change their life style. Therefore it is imperative that we aware that teaching the client requires consent and that the client has the right and autonomy to refuse any intervention even when it can result to death provided they have the mental capacity to make informed decision (Mental Capacity Act, 2005 and NMC, 2008). DH (1996) states that the client must be provided with vital information about their health, so that they can make informed choice about the treatment options, life styles changes and behaviour. The subject was brought before the residents for them to make informed decision with regards to the teaching and they consented to because they wanted to do something about their weight. Kemm and Close (1995) wrote that there is high tendency for client to learn if teaching is directed to meeting their needs, interest and within their ability. Effective communication plays a vital role in facilitating learning. As nurses the way we communicate and the kind of rapport we build with our client plays an essential role in empowering or disempowering them (Brown, 1997). Good communication skills act as therapeutic tool in delivery a holistic and person-centred care (Burnard, 1992). Our role as facilitator should be to explore and support our client to build that intrinsic motivation to make a change in their life, strengthen their commitment to change and then develop a plan to fulfill that change (Miller and Rollnick 2002). The responsibility for change lies purely on the client however as facilitator we should use an approach that confront the client with the idea of need for change without been persuasive and argumentative rather we should create an environment that show a sense of genuinity, respect and empathic understanding through collaboration and working in partnership with the client. Based on my assessment of the residents needs and considering the fact that they were adult learners capable of self-directing their learning, I decided to use andragogical instead of the pedagogical teaching style so as to enhance collaboration and for it to have a positive impact in residents lives. Pedagogy is the art and science of teaching children, it is a teacher- centred education and the teacher decided what, how and when it will be learned while andragogy is the art and science of assisting adults to learn and it is learner-centred education. Andragogical approach help learning to take place because of the clients own effort or willingness and it helps learners to learn what they want to learn (Knowles, 1990). Over the years educational psychologist and educationalist have developed models and learning theories (Hincliff, 2004). These include the behaviourist, cognitive or humanistic. Three domain of learning exist; Cognitive, psychomotor and affective (Bloom, 1972). The way we learn is however dependent on some other factors even though these three domains are the dominant. Individuals personal values, beliefs and altitude are motivating factors for self-directed learners. I decided to use the humanistic approach in facilitating the awareness and sensitization of the need for them to improve their diet and life style In order to meet the residents learning needs. The humanist theory as explained by (Maslow, 1943) is concerned with individual fulfillment and self-actualisation. The influence of the environment on the residents and their relationship with others is explained by the socio-cognitive theory. Bandura (1977) stated that learning take place as a result of social interaction throu gh observation and mimicking others whom the learner look up to for example family , peers and health professionals. To facilitate learning; a conducive learning environment, learning material suited to the learners need and their literacy level must be considered (Quinn, 1995).In view of this, I gathered all the necessary resource taking into account the residents individual learning styles and planned the teaching in such a way that it is tailored to meeting their varied learning styles. Based on my engagement with the residents I identified that majority of them belong to the theorist, pragmatist and reflector learning styles from (Honey and Mumford, 1982). Prior to the start of the teaching session I made sure the environment was conducive for leaning, spacious, quite and with the right temperature. I introduced myself to the residents and my mentor and other member of staff present. I explained the rationale for the teaching session. I gave them handout I prepared for the session which contain literature and pictures, which were simple to understand and which they could keep with them and refer to later at their convenience and I also use video from YouTube http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pp0nc4kY-tc to explain the potential side effects of fatty food and fuzzy drink on their heath and I highlighted the main topic, which is the makeup of the food they eat and its functions in the body and the calories recommended daily. I brought in several fatty foods like ground oil, butters in different make to explain to them the difference between the good product and the bad product. I explain to them that the one that contain high saturated fat and low unsaturated is not good because the body find it difficult to break down the saturated fatty into small unit which is used by body instead they are gradually deposited thereby raising their cholesterol level. The deposition of fat gradually blocks the artery wall which could lead to anterosclerosis, stroke and heart diseases while product rich in unsaturated fats and low saturated fats are better. I encouraged them to always check for this information on the food product whilst shopping. I asked them if they know what cholesterol means and if anyone has check out their cholesterol level. I then brought out some more products for them to point out which one was better to check if the understood the lectures and they did perfectly well in identifying the good and the bad product and I offered them praise f or a job well done. I then showed them they kind of food that is good for the body from you Tube http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mAFTcfaA-pcfeature=channel and what constitute a balance diet. The teaching session was an interactive one and as facilitator I suggested and encouraged them to adopt a healthier lifestyle by eating more fruit and vegetable instead of chocolate, drink more water instead of fuzzy drink and to cook their meal which was more nutritious and economical and to exercise by going to gym or taking a light work every day. I suggested that we could contribute one pound to cook for the weekly communal meeting and then see how it goes from there and the feedback was positive. I gave room for question and answer session. I thanked them for their collaboration and for making the teaching successful. Their willingness to learn was quite beneficial. I provided information on what make a balance diet and some activities aim at dealing with weight issues in the communal loung e. As nurses its imperative that we take time to reflect daily on our professional and clinical practice. Gibb et al (2005) stated that constant reflection allows learning to occur at every given opportunity and it improves practice. I felt competent though initially nervous teaching the residents on the need for healthy eating and life style change. Ewles and Simnett (2003) stated that health promotion is the process of empowering people to take proactive action over and improve their health. I was able to facilitated residents learning by building a rapport and through process I observed their learning styles and knowledge base which made it possible for me to tailor the teaching to their varied approach of learning. I believe the teaching session had a positive impact in enlightening the residents on the need for them to improve their diet and lifestyles change from the feedback I got at the end of the teaching. I use the humanistic approach clearly stating the rationale for the sess ion because I wanted them to have the knowledge so that they can take responsibility for their own health. The session was collaborative and interactive with the residents fully involved in the discussion and asking appropriate when seeking clarification. During the evaluation Amos felt that the learning outcome had been achieved and also said that the handouts and leaflets given during the teaching session were very useful and helpful. My mentor suggested that I could have done more and it would have been good, if I had used an overhead projector. But his feedback was encouraging. I had to rush towards the end of the session due to time factors. But I realised that as a student nurse, my professional development is still in progress and as my course develops I will become confident in dealing with this type of situation. My experience of teaching on this occasion will improve my professional practice. During the session I adopted a personal counselling approach based on the Beattie (1991) model, (cited in Ewles and Simnett 2003), which is a combination of the educational and client centred approach. According to Rogers (1983) people experience the world differently and know their own experiences better than anyone else. Amos ability to take responsibility for his actions helped to be more independent. In conclusion, I have been able to facilitate a teaching session by building a therapeutic relationship with Amos and through achieving effective communication. I found out from this experience that empowering clients does not mean that nurses should enforce decisions on clients but rather that; they should encourage and motivate them to achieve a desired result. I feel the experience was an interesting one. Looking back on the teaching skills demonstrated and the assessment of the clients need, I think the aim of the teaching was achieved. The feedback received from the learner and my mentor has given me an insight on how to improve in my teaching in future. I hope to use video clips and overhead projector in future teaching and to continue using the lecture learnt in taught module to enhance my skills and knowledge in my future role as registered mental health nurse.

Economic Analysis of Coffee in Vietnam

Economic Analysis of Coffee in Vietnam Group members: Huynh Anh Tin, Pham Le Bao Tran, Pham Le Thien Huong Vietnam coffee market structure: Vietnam coffee market structure is oligopoly, because there are a few firms that have the ability to enter this industry, and with many similar product taste (Sloman, Garratt, 2013). The production of coffee is expensive, it include land, machine, labor, and material. Coffee only grows in high land area of Vietnam, so the investors have to buy large land and burn forest. The labor forces are the farmers, who have years of experience on growing coffee, are paid to grow the coffee to export over sea. Due to coffee planting become popular in Vietnam, Vietnam coffee production surpass Colombia to become the second largest coffee producers. (The popularity of coffee More over, there are also some brands of coffee product such as: Trung Nguyen, Y 5, Vina, etc. Most of Vietnam coffees are export to countries such as: England, United States, Japan, Korean, Hong Kong, Italy, etc. Elasticity of Demand: Vietnam has many coffee distributors, so there will be many different prices of coffee. Coffee price will also change because of the world market price change everyday. However, Drinking coffe is a Vietnamese’s culture for years so even if price change the customers are still buying the coffee. Coffee makes people focus, smarter, gain energy, release stress (Gunnars, 2013) . Because coffee is consisted of caffeine, so some of customers cannot quit coffee. And it takes a lot of time to find other substitute or to stop drinking coffee. Coffee Culture is increasing can also make consumers demand more coffee than before. Rise of other culture coffee makes consumer curious and want to taste the different coffee style. And young people also drink coffee to prove that they are already grow up. base on the survey of director of Thu Ha company, Thu Ha company produced 100 ton per year but only 30% of product was exported and the rest was consumed in domestic. It proved that the demand of coffee in Viet Nam is very high and it also attracted some of big coffee distributor come to Viet Nam such as Starbucks and Coffee Bean and Tea Leaf. http://www2.hcmuaf.edu.vn/contents.php?ids=8334ur=hoainam c) Elasticity in Supply The growth of Vietnam coffee productivity has entered the world market and became the second largest coffee producer, after Brazil. Beside the growth of production, Vietnam’s coffee culture is also well known with the unique brewing style. More important, coffee is the daily need of Vietnamese people, because they need coffee to make them stay awake and gain energy to focus on work. Even though price of coffee is change due to price change, coffee it self will not decrease the quantity of coffee supply. Base on the Hallam research, Vietnam coffee production is a strong producer, which can expand from 60 578 hectares to 463 450 hectares and coffee bean output increased from 96 000 tones to 800 000 tones, making Viet Nam the largest Robusta producer and second largest coffee producer in the world. This result the increase of income of employment and decline the hunger rate. However, price of Robusta coffee has fallen because of the Arabica coffee had also fallen. Against this background, the coffee price elasticity of supply is very low, which is only 0.13 in short run and 0.24 in the long run . Supply responses to price incentives are not balanced: periods of rising prices stimulate new plantings and other fixed asset investments, which does not change when price fall, it can not be replaced when it reach to the end of production. Supply responses to falling prices have also been slowed in some cases by national efforts to assist producers, for example through price supports and debt relief. In the short-term adjustments can be made to reduce inputs including labor, but creating unemployment and stimulating migration. Reduced labor input through makes the coffee are less care, which lowered the quality of coffee and also create a pressure on price. ( Hallam, Fig.1: Short run of coffee’s price elasticity of supply. Accessed: April 1, 2014, from: http://www.tutor2u.net/blog/index.php/economics/comments/unit-1-micro-revision-on-price-elasticity-of-supply. d) Opportunity cost Opportunity cost is the alternatives consumers or producers have to give up when deciding purchasing or producing.(Sloman, Garrett, 2013) When people have to make choice they have to lose the other alternative that involves. Opportunity cost occurs in simple purchase to complex purchase. Purchasing coffee also occur opportunity cost, the consumer may decide the good that they want, so they can satisfied their simple needs. Normally, consumers who want to have a coffee cup to be more awake and focus on their work will have to scarify some of their alternatives to get the cup of coffee. Money: The first alternative that people have to pay in order to get their coffee. When consumers decide to get a cup of coffee, they have to know the price of coffee that they will buy. The amount of money they spend for the coffee is the opportunity cost to get the coffee for them. However, the consumers give up the alternative of saving money, spending on other substitute, or even invest on a business. A cup of coffee may not cost the consumer a lot of money, however if the consumers buy coffee everyday may cost them more than what they think. Time: The second alternative that consumer have to scarify is time. Time now is including the time the consumer have to go to the coffee shop and the time they have to wait for the coffee. The alternative that they give up is the amount of time just for travelling to the coffee and waiting for the product. In order to get a cup of coffee, customers have to sacrifice some of the alternatives to get the coffee they demand. Conclusion: The report aim to learn and understand the characteristic of the strongest product of Vietnam, which is coffee. More over, we can also learn what is the position of the product in the world market. In the report, we learn about the market structure, the demand, the supply of coffee, the elasticity of demand and elasticity of supply. In the report our group learn about four facts: First, the Vietnamese coffee market structure is Oligopoly, which has a few firms can enter and produce similar product. Second, The elasticity of demand and supply are considered inelastic, because of price cannot change the supply and demand of coffee of Vietnamese people. Third, the opportunity costs in order to buy a cup of coffee. Last, analyzing the demand and supply of Vietnamese coffee. Coffee has been a strong industry for year, however coffee supply has decreased the quantity and the quality by the countries, which import Vietnam coffee. In order to make the Vietnam’s coffee become acknowled ge for both quantity and quality, finding solution and make changes in production are required to boost the production. Summary the event: The event mention about the increase in price of coffee not only in Viet Nam and in the world because that is affected by the drought in Brazil. In details, during the early 2014, a seriously drought is destroying the coffee farms in Brazil which is the biggest exporting coffee countries in the world. This would not be good news for farmers but that is great news for other exporting countries in which have Viet Nam. That also affects the selling price in Viet Nam market, the selling price for coffee increase rapidly during the early in 2014. According to this event, the reason for increasing selling price for coffee also concern about the speculation of firms and other organizations. For the Arabica coffee, it increases more than two times than the first days in October, 2013. Shifts in supply curve: After drawing the curve of supply, we can see how the drought in Brazil affect the supply for coffee. Especially, the supply for coffee is very sensitive with the weather. The weather can easily affect the productivity of coffee. Of course, the supply curve will move to the left, from S1 to S2 in the curve. In this case, with the impact of the drought, it makes the selling price increase from P1 to P2 because the productivity is less than before. In some cases, the price of coffee will increase slightly because the demand for coffee is elastic but in this case, many factors combine together from the impact from the weather and the speculation of people, which lead to the big increase for selling price of coffee. The gap from P1 to P2 will much bigger than other situations. When the selling price increase, that is also a main reason why the number of people wants to buy less than before, Q1 will move backward to Q2 as well. The changes in quantity of demand for coffee will decrease fo llow the changes of selling price. Because the changes in the supply curve above, the new equilibrium point will move to the new point which is from E1 to E2. After analyzing the impact of the event to the supply curve, coffee can easily be affected by the outside factors such as: environment, weather and people. P D S2 S1 Pe2 E2 Pe1 E1 0 Q2 Q1 Q http://www.thesaigontimes.vn/Home/nongsan/tintucthitruong/112433/Gia-ca-phe-tang-Cau-hoi-nup-sau-tin-thoi-tiet.html Demand P D1 S D2 Pe1 E1 Pe2 E2 0 Q2 Q1 Summary the event: in a role of apprentice, somehow the reporter was got into a factory which is producing fake coffee in Hoc Mon . Reporter was following the factorys owner to Kim Bien market to buy 15 arsenical material such as smell of coffee flavor, foaming agent for soap, food coloring industry and many more and blend with soya bean. Only in one day that factory can produce 1 ton of Fake coffee and deliver to lot of coffee store from middle of Vietnam to South of Vietnam. And when reporter asked about why don’t you sale the real coffee then the owner of factory just give only one reason that about the price, the real coffe was cost over 200.000 VNÄ  but fake coffee only cost over 100.000 to 120.000 to produce and sales. Shift in Demand curve After drew Demand curve, we can see how the scandal of produce coffee from soya bean mixed with arsenical affected to the demand of coffee. After the true was exposed on newspaper, the consumers scared to drink coffee and switching to another substitutes, then you can see the demand curve moved from D1 to D2. It makes the supplier decrease the cost to attract the consumers, at the curve you can see that P1 move to P2 and it makes a new equilibrium from E1 to E2, and besides that the quantity of coffee also move backward from Q1 to Q2 http://www.thanhnien.com.vn/pages/20120718/hai-hung-ca-phe-deu-ky-2-dau-nanh-+-15-hoa-chat-=-ca-phe-18-7-2012.aspx References: Gunnars, K., Feb 20,2013,’Why Is Coffee Good For You? Here are the 7 reasons’, Authority Nutrition. Accessed: April 2, 2014, from: http://authoritynutrition.com/why-is-coffee-good-for-you/ Hallam, D., ‘Falling Commodity Price And Industry Responses: Some Lessons From The International Coffee Crisis’, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nation. Accessed: March 31, 2013, from: http://www.fao.org/docrep/006/y5117e/y5117e03.htm#TopOfPage Maja, W.,2013, ‘Vietnam Coffee Production is Blooming, as is the Coffee Culture’, Tea Coffee Trade Journal, p.p:32-33. Sloman, J., Garrett, D.,2013, ‘Essential of Economics’ , Pearson, p.p: 7. Sloman, J., Garrett, D.,2013, ‘Essential of Economics’, Pearson, p.p: 94. Tran, T., July, 2013 ‘Vietnam Coffee’s Industry’, Ipos. Accessed: March 31,2014, from: http://www.ipsosconsulting.com/pdf/Ipsos-Research-Note-Vietnam-Coffee.pdf` List of Illustration Fig.1: Short run of coffee’s price elasticity of supply. Accessed: April 1, 2014, from: http://www.tutor2u.net/blog/index.php/economics/comments/unit-1-micro-revision-on-price-elasticity-of-supply.

The Role of the Modern Educational Leader Essay -- Educational Leaders

Abstract The modern educational leader must understand that their role is no longer to run the day to day operations of the school district or school. The role has been transformed to incorporate motivating students and teachers alike as well as creating visions and mission for the direction the leader would like to take with the organization. Leaders challenge and inspire people to go above and beyond their comfort zones. They have the ability to influence and enlist the support of others towards accomplishing specific goals. To sustain this relationship between themselves and the people they inspire they must have integrity, loyalty, a positive attitude, strong communication and planning skills and should not be afraid to empower and serve their followers. Personal ethics must be of utmost importance to educational leaders as they are seen as role models in the community and they must conduct themselves accordingly. Introduction Educational leaders are expected to be role models to teachers, staff and students alike and should carry themselves with respect and integrity. Leadership is not tantamount to management; it is of a higher degree and should be treated with great regard. Anyone can manage, but a good spiritual leader has the tools necessary to engage their employees who in return feel honored to be of service. These leaders have the ability to maintain the respect of those they lead because of their commitment and service to people. Communication is also very important when dealing with parents and the community as a whole. If an educational leader is not getting their message across effective, getting people on board with the vision of the organization would be impossible. Leaders must be mindful t... ...tendent and the principal. These three dimensions are easily recognized as essential aspects of good leadership. (Rebore, 2001 p.113) Conclusion Educational leaders must be trustworthy and have character in order to effectively run an organization. Leaders who do not have these traits usually cannot lead effectively and eventually lose their positions or worst, cause the organization to fail. Surrounding every good leader are mentors whose priority is the success of their mentee. Leaders who have strong community affiliations and mentors can withstand many challenges and eventually find their way. These leadership traits are ideal for Educational leaders and should be fostered and encouraged by all. If followed leaders will have the opportunity to transform organizations and leave an impact on the lives of countless students, teachers and parents.

Professional Practice: Console Gaming :: essays research papers fc

Understanding Media - Professional Practice In The Media Industry As one of the fastest growing sectors in the media today, console gaming has come a long way since the days of the very first home console; the Atari 2600. Console gaming is big business, with profit margins higher than some of the biggest Hollywood film studios. Because of this, the production size of each game and quantity of employees within each company has grown accordingly. As with other sections of the media industry such as print, television and film, console gaming has a structured system in use in regard to owners, employees and finance. If we are to fully understand the console gaming industry we need to examine the four key areas within it; publishing, development, distribution and the manufacturers of the hardware on which the games are used (Microsoft, Nintendo and Sony). In some cases these four areas work exclusively as separate entities to create a product, or, as with some major Hollywood studios, are vertically integrated in their production processes. As with the â€Å"Big Five† studios of the golden era of Hollywood cinema, we have a similar situation in the console gaming industry with the four main console manufacturers. These four companies all own and have complete control of various development houses, publishers and distributors. In the case of these â€Å"in house† productions the sources of finance vary but are mainly internal. When internal finance is not possible, there are other various means for the companies involved to acquire the money needed to complete the production process. The most common way for a company to get financial assistance is the use of sponsors. For example; a racing game could use billboards featuring the sponsors logos placed alongside each race track. I have already mentioned the methods used by vertically integrated companies to create and distribute games, but there are many occasions when a separate company is used for each stage. Publishers are the most powerful, and, perhaps the most important of the four main areas in console gaming. They are responsible for commissioning, funding and publishing, and usually have a great deal of control over the end product. Once the development process is completed, a publisher would also be responsible for the marketing, PR and manufacturing the finished product. They will decide on the type of product they want to deliver to the market, set targets that need to be met by the developers in order for the initial finance to become available and publish the end product, hopefully making a profit on the sales of said product.

Internal and External Sources of Finance Essay

Internal sources of finance for Tesco Tesco’s main internal source of income will be their retained earnings. Retained earnings are the amount of net income that Tesco have retained and not paid out. Retained earnings are what are paid to the business owners. Fixed assets are another form of an internal source of finance; this form of finance is a lot harder to convert into cash as fixed assets tend to be things such as vehicles, machinery, buildings and factories. Fixed assets can take a while to convert into cash so Tesco would not rely on them to be a short-term access to finance. Current assets are a key source of finance for Tesco; current assets are cash and things that are easy to convert into cash. The things that can be converted into cash easily are things such as stock; once the stock has been sold earning will be retained by Tesco. Tesco have to ensure current assets are no lower than current liabilities as this may prevent them from paying off any possible debts they may have. External sources of finance for Tesco As Tesco are a large company some forms of external finance do not apply to them, things such as loans, credit cards and bank overdrafts will be of no interest to Tesco as they are too financially significant to benefit from them. However, the sources that do apply to Tesco are investments from shareholders, Tesco have many competitors all competing for the same thing, to be the biggest supermarket within the UK. For Tesco to take that title they will need as much investors as possible. An average loan from the bank would not benefit Tesco as the loan is likely to be small; however, if Tesco needed a quick source of finance of a large quantity, things such as a government grants would be beneficial; it would be beneficial as the grant is likely to be large.

Segmentation of Budweiser

CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION 1. 1 Background of Study The use, acceptance, adoption and application of internet technology to businesses to boast their performances are not something new. Saffu et al. , (2008), states that there has been a significant increase in the use and application of e-commerce in businesses in the past decade. E-commerce has benefits such as reduction in costs, increased business opportunities, reduced lead time and providing more personalized service to the customers (Turban et al. , 2008).Internet banking or e-banking is one of the many tools of e-commerce adopted by the banking industry. Tools of information technology such as internet banking have significantly improved the quality of services offered by the banking industry and/or financial institutions (Dawes and Rowley, 1998). Currently, there are thousands and thousands of e-banking web sites all over the world. Botswana is a developing country, located in the southern part of Africa. She has a population o f just about 2 million.Being a developing country, internet technology has not been quite a thing for the citizens. Majority of people who get to use the internet are those in tertiary schools, work places and government departments, since they can get to use internet there. â€Å"In October 30th 2008, Botswana completed the multi-million pula Trans-Kalahari fibre-optic project, covering approximately 2000 kilometres. The project is expected to act as a catalyst to the growing ICT industry in the country. †Ã‚  (Botswana Guardian. 2008) This study focused on the information technology (IT) adoption in a developing country; Botswana, where internet technology let alone internet banking is still at its infancy stage, but could offer potential benefits and usefulness to the entire population and to the banking industry in the not so distant future. â€Å"The Botswana government together with that of Namibia recently contributed US$37. 5 million each to secure the West African Ca ble System (WACS) landing point.The 14 000 kilometre cable will bring direct and fast connectivity between Namibia, Botswana, West Africa, the United Kingdom and the rest of the world with a design capacity of 5. 12 terabit. These developments are expected to mark the beginning of cheaper bandwidth in the country. Both countries, Namibia and Botswana are at the dawn of an infrastructure revolution on the ICT landscape where broadband communication services will be further enhanced to benefit businesses, ndustry, internet community, academia and the entire population. † (Telecom Namibia, 16 February 2011) For the business industries in Botswana to stay competitive, they would have to implement e-commerce to enable them to be more competitive and efficient. This without any doubt includes the banking industry, which by no means have to implement and manage effectively the Internet banking services. The importance of e-commerce in Botswana is very critical since Botswana is a lan dlocked country and has no access to sea ports. The Botswana government is looking at making the country the communication harbour in the region. Under the government of Botswana’s plans, developing e-business is a critical step and a vital pillar of the economy. † (Botswana Guardian. , 2011). Given the importance of e-business and of Internet banking, it should be the key strategy of the banking industry in Botswana, just like in other developed and developing countries.Although the Botswana government is willing to spend money to invest on internet technology, thus improving e-commerce infrastructure, the ultimate success of Internet banking is still depending on consumers’ perceptions and whether they are willing to use internet banking. Therefore, users and/or customers ought to be willing to use, adopt and accept the technology. 1. 2 Problem Statement â€Å"Internet usage in Botswana remains very low as a result of the high cost to access it, the high cost of computer hardware and generally low levels of Internet awareness.Botswana remains on the wrong side of the digital divide with little access to development and innovation. The Internet banking service is a new technology in Botswana which means it needs a lot of efforts and sources to be adopted by both banks and customers. † (Chippa Legodimo. , 2007). Although previous studies into internet banking adoption show that Internet banking has been implemented completely in many developed countries such as the United States of America and Europe (Pakkarainen et al. 2004) and thus showing more on the factors affecting Internet banking adoption and/or acceptance on innovation adoption in the context of such developed countries (Daniel, 1999; Mols, 2000), there is a growing trend in the adoption of Internet banking by the banking industry in the developing countries too (Gurau. , 2002). It should be noted, that even though Botswana is one of the developing countries; her economy is not growing at the same rate as those of other developing countries. This could be mainly due to her geographical location.Therefore; e-commerce infrastructure is still less developed, thus the adoption of Internet banking is still at its infancy stage when compared to other developing nations. Given that in several countries, studies have been carried out measuring the factors affecting adoption of Internet business; and since there has never been any research or study on the factors affecting the decision to adopt Internet banking in Botswana, this study tried to study and measure such factors. 1. 3 Research ObjectivesThe primary objective of this study was to comprehend the consumers’ perception towards the adoption of internet banking in Botswana and to identify the factors affecting the decisions to adopt internet banking. The objectives of this research are as follows: 1. To identify the key factors affecting the decision to adopt Internet banking system in Botswana. 2 . To examine whether socioeconomic influences the decision to adopt Internet banking in Botswana. 3. To identify the most significant factor that affect the decision to adopt Internet banking in Botswana. 1. 4 Definition of TermsInternet Banking (Internet banking): Computerized service that allows a bank’s customers to get Internet with the bank via internet or telephone lines to view the status of their account(s) and transaction history. It usually also allows them to transfer funds, pay bills, request check books and so on (Business dictionary. , 2011) Internet: Global network of networks using universal standards to connect millions of different networks (Kenneth C Laudon and Jane P Laudon. , 2010). Information Technology (IT): The hardware and software technologies a firm needs to achieve its business objectives (Kenneth C Laudon and Jane P Laudon. 2010). Information System Literacy: Broad-based understanding of information systems that includes behavioral knowledge abou t organizations and individuals using information systems as well as technical knowledge about computers (Kenneth C Laudon and Jane P Laudon. , 2010). Adoption: The ability to accept and be willing to use. Privacy: The claim of individuals to be left alone, free from surveillance or interference from other individuals, organizations or the state (Kenneth C Laudon and Jane P Laudon. , 2010).Computer Literacy: Knowledge about information technology, focusing on understanding of how computer-based technologies work (Kenneth C Laudon and Jane P Laudon. , 2010). Security: Policies, procedures and technical measures used to prevent unauthorized access, alteration, theft or physical damage to information system (Kenneth C Laudon and Jane P Laudon. , 2010). Risk Assessment: Determining the potential frequency of the occurrence of a problem and a potential damage if the problem were to occur. Used to determine cost/benefits of a control (Kenneth C Laudon and Jane P Laudon. , 2010). 1. 5 Scop e of StudyThis study focused on internet banking adoption in a developing country, Botswana; where internet banking is still emerging and seems promising. The study was carried out on individuals comprising of Botswana population, mainly in the two cities; Gaborone and Francistown and the two major towns Jwaneng and Lobatse. The study looked at factors affecting the decision to adopt internet banking services, particularly in Botswana. Some of the developing countries like Malaysia (Suganthi and Suganthi. , 2001) and Turkey (Polatoghu and Ekin. , 2001) have successful implemented and adopted internet banking services.Adoption and implementation of internet banking is on the rising trend among the developing countries (Gurau. , 200). Likewise, Botswana as a developing country ought to implement and adopt internet banking services, therefore, this study looked at factors affecting the decision to adopt internet banking in Botswana. 1. 6 Significance of Study Banks: Comprehending the b ehaviour and perceptions of the customers is of great concern and importance to the survival of Banks (Devlin, Worthington, and Gerrard. , 2007). The banks and/or financial institutions will use this study to improve their service quality.The study will facilitate useful feedback that will be used for the improvement of the services and facilities rendered by both banks and other financial institutions in Botswana. Internet usage is at its infancy stage in Botswana and this study will permit the banks to position themselves and acquire the necessary knowledge on how to sell the service more to their customers. Understanding the customer’s perception regarding a product and/or service, put the banks at an advantage, thus allowing them to formulate strategy and customize their services to the needs of their customers. Customers/users:Customers/users ought to know and/or be aware of the cons and pros of using this facility. Therefore, the knowledge on the factors affecting the c ustomers’ decision to adopt and use internet banking is a vital asset to all customers and potential customers as they will be in a position to make informed decisions. This study would enable customers to evaluate if they really need this service or not. Research: Since there is no study in previous researches on this topic in Botswana in particular, future and current researchers would be in a position to use it as a point of reference and/or to improve it.It will also encourage other researchers to consider researching more on the adoption and use of internet banking in Botswana. It will serve as a starting point for them. 1. 7 Organization of Study Chapter 1: introduction This chapter inductions the subtopics such as background of study, research objectives, definition of terms, scope of study, significance of study and organization of study; to make the comprehension of the whole study visible and/or viable thus making it easier to comprehend the whole study.It is more o f a gate way into the whole study as it gives a brief but detail description and/or summary of the whole study. Chapter 2: literature review Based on the previous studies, this chapter discusses and explains internet banking in details and factors affecting the decision to adopt internet banking in Botswana. It clearly depicts the definitions of dependent variable, independent variables and moderating variables. References from the previous studies are used to enhance comprehension and to see how independent variables influence dependent variable, if ever they do.Chapter 3: Methodology This chapter depicts the whole arrangement of the study. In includes such subtopics as, research framework, hypothesis development, data collection method, questionnaire design, data analysis techniques and summary. Such subtopics are discussed in detail. It is in this chapter that all factors affecting the decision to adopt internet banking in Botswana (independent variables) and moderating variables are discussed and sampled. Hypothesis statements are presented and data collection methods are well explained here.Questionnaire is designed based on the independent variables and moderating variables to measure or see if there is any relationship and/or association between them and the dependent variable. Chapter 4: Data Analysis and Findings This chapter involves the incorporation of the interpretation of the collected data from respondents via quantitative method. The determination of the acceptance or rejection of the stated hypotheses statements was also tested. Software called SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Sciences) otherwise also known as Predictive Analytics Software (PASW) was used in the research to measure the results.This chapter mainly focuses on analysis the data collected, modelling, graphing and tabling it and presenting it. It is in this chapter, where the acceptance and/or rejection of hypothesis testing statements were scrutinized. Chapter 5: Conclusion an d Recommendations This chapter explains the outcomes of the testing of the hypotheses determined in chapter 4. The acceptance or rejection of the hypothesis is discussed as well. Additionally the concluded results of hypothesis testing from this study are compared with findings from previous researches. Limitations of this study were also discussed.

Of Mice and Men – Isolation – Curley’s Wife

Curley’s wife is the only female on the ranch and is described in a very feminine and incongruous manner, â€Å"full, rouged lips and wide spaced eyes, heavily made-up. Her fingernails were red. Her hair hung in little rolled clusters, like sausages. She wore a cotton house dress and red mules, on the insteps of which were little bouquets of red ostrich feathers†. The bold, heavily made-up appearance matches her personality as she disguises her true feelings and emotions with lies like the colourful, interesting appearance disguises her lonely, isolated life. As the only woman, she is segregated from the ranch society and Steinbeck makes her seem more isolated and friendless by never giving her a name but being identified as Curley’s possession. She is seen throughout the novella searching constantly for Curley yet this is just an excuse to talk to the other people, â€Å"â€Å"I’m looking for Curley,† she said, her voice had a nasal, brittle quality. † She struggles to create friends or let alone have a civilised conversation with the men on the ranch. She uses this feminine appearance and flirtatious, predatory behaviour in an attempt to communicate and attract attention to herself. However this backfires and leaves her in a no-win situation as her heavily sexualised manner is the key point of criticism amongst the men as they describe her as a â€Å"tart† and â€Å"a piece of jail bait† who, if approached, will only lead to trouble as she can ultimately cause the destruction of their own versions of the ‘American Dream’. Her isolation throughout the novella is caused by her gender, sexual appearance and predatory behaviour.

Prejudice in Mr Sumarsono Written by Roxana Robinson Essay

Stereotype is a largely false belief, or set of belief, concerning the characteristics of the members of a racial or ethnic group (McLemore, 1983). Stereotype may be positive or negative in mind which is based on limited and minimal knowledge about a group of people. Incomplete information, mistaken perceptions, isolation and segregation have resulted many stereotypes. Viewing of a person with oddity based on the stereotype will limit what we expected and how we respond to them. Prejudice is an unfavorable attitude towards people because they are members of a particular racial or ethnic group. Discrimination is unfavorable action towards people because they are members of a particular racial or ethnic group. (McLemore, 1983). These both are negative manifestations of integrative power. A prejudiced person may not act on their attitude. Therefore, someone can be prejudice towards a certain group but not discriminate against them. Also, prejudice includes all three components of an attitude (affective, behavioral and affective), whereas discrimination just involves behavior and involves some actions. Prejudice and stereotyping parallels attitudes and opinions or beliefs (Stroebe & Insko, 1989) Prejudice also sustains stereotype, while stereotype is a generalization or interpretation toward a person or group of some physical, behavior, belief or other factors. For a 10-year-old girl, she must have got a first bad impression to a stranger, especially a foreigner. She spontaneously thought that someone newbie in another country is a kind of alien with different skin, face structure or another physical body. In that point, this attitude includes a racial stereotype which provokes a prejudice side. Roxana Robinson is a biographer and scholar of nineteenth and early twentieth century American art. She graduated from Buckingham Friends School, in Lahaska, and from The Shipley School, in Bryn Mawr. She attended Bennington College and studied with Bernard Malamud and Howard Nemerov. She received a B.A. degree in English Literature from the University of Michigan. Roxana Robinson is the author of the four novels Cost, (2008) Sweetwater, (2003) This Is My Daughter, (1998) and Summer Light (1988); the three short story collections A Perfect Stranger, (2005) Asking for Love, (1996) A Glimpse of Scarlet, (1991) and the biography Georgia O’Keeffe: A Life, (1989). Mr. Sumarsono is listed as one of the best American Short Stories at 1994. Statement of Problems: 1. Why do Susan and her sister give bad impression toward Mr. Sumarsono? 2. Why did Mrs. Riordan welcome Mr. Sumarsono warmly? 3. What is the cultural aspect of this short story? What is the connection with it? Discussion Mr. Sumarsono is a worker in UN which involved many Western people in it for a long time. Because of the environment, he tried to adapt the style like an American. According to the story, both daughters of Mrs. Riordan, Susan and Kate, with Mrs. Riordan herself fetched Mr. Sumarsono in a Trenton Station in New Jersey and they saw him for the first time with bad impression and underestimate toward Mr. Sumarsono. However, at that time, he was clothed as an American businessman. â€Å"Mr. Sumarsono was wearing an neat suit and leather shoes, like an American businessman, but he didn’t look like an American. The suit was brown, not gray, and it had a slight sheen. And Mr. Sumarsono was built in a different way from Americans: he was slight and graceful, with narrow shoulders and an absence of strut.† (Page 265 line 1) â€Å"Kate and I stood next to my mother as she waved and smiled. Kate and I did not wave and smile†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Page 265 line 11) In this case, it proved that both sisters didn’t like and give bad thought for Mr. Sumarsono because they didn’t know who actually Mr. Sumarsono was, since Mr. Sumarsono had an Asian figure with pale brown skin. Besides, there were few Indonesian that came to America, or else almost never. Mr. Sumarsono was the only Indonesian who arrived in New Jersey. â€Å"It was 1959, and Mr. Sumarsono was the only Indonesian who got off the train in Trenton, New Jersey.† (Page 264 line 25) Next on, the displeasure of the sisters continued until they were in way home. They were acting like they didn’t need a middle-aged Indonesian in where were they belong to. Moreover, they avoided the lunch time which their mother prepared for them and Mr. Sumarsono. And also, they showed an impolite attitude toward Mr. Sumarsono in the table. â€Å"We were going to watch the mallard nesting, and I hope we didn’t have to include a middle-aged Indonesian in leather shoes†(Page 267 line 1) â€Å"Dev-il,† Kate said, Speaking very loudly and slowly. She pointed at the eggs and then put two forked finger behind her head like horns, Mr. Sumarsono looked at her horns. (Page 269 lines 25) Another evidence occurred at the dinner time when Susan saw her mother wearing a pink dress. She thought her mother’s dress was overlooked just for dinner with a stranger who can not understand their language. â€Å"I was irritated to see that she had put it on as thought she were at a party. This was not a party: she had merely gotten hold of a captive guest, a complete stranger who understood nothing she said.† (Page 270, line 12) Although they kept underestimate him, they were quite surprised that Mr. Sumarsono wasn’t someone like usual Asian guy they were thinking about. He was different in presence. Not only the appearance of him but also his gesture was shown when they were already at home. Somehow, The stop! gesture was making the sisters wondering what makes that Indonesian was different. This gesture is shown by Mr. Sumarsono when he tried to prevent his suitcase as Susan offered to pick up upstairs. â€Å"What struck me was the grace of his gesture. His hand extended easily out cuff and expose a narrow brown wrist, as narrow as my own. When he put his hand up in the Stop! gesture, his hand curved backward from the wrist, and his fingers bent backward from the palm. Instead of the stern and flat-handed Stop! that an American hand would make, this was a polite, subtie, and yielding signal, quite beautiful and infinitely sophisticated, a gesture that suggested a thousand reasons for doing something, a thousand ways to go about it.†(Page 267 line 13) On the other hand, Mrs. Riordan was greeting him cheerfully. She showed an excessive behavior since Mr. Sumarsono decided to spend his weekend in New Jersey. Furthermore, he stayed in Riodan’s as well. Mrs. Riordan tried to catch attention from Mr. Sumarsono. Apart from being dressed in pink, she treated him as best as she can. â€Å"Oh, I’m glad we’re having rice!† she said suddenly, pleased. â€Å"That must make Mr. Sumarsono feel at home.† She looked at me. (Page 273 line 7) She also thought that Mr. Sumarsono was far from his family and being lonely, Mrs. Riordan conclude that he was missing them and she tried to give something that Mr. Sumarsono would feel like he came back to the warm atmosphere when a family was gathered supposed to be. It is shown when Mrs. Riordan asked Mr. Sumarsono to show his wife and children photograph. She saw a strange condition on Mr. Sumarsono with complicated and unfinished look when she asked and he even wanted to take a picture with them. â€Å"The poor man, he must miss his wife and children. Don’t u feel sorry for him, thousands of miles away from his family? Oh, thousands. He’s here for six months, all alone. They told me that at the UN. It’s all very uncertain. He doesn’t know when he gets leaves, how long after that he’ll be here. Think of how his poor wife feels.† (Page 272 line 24) As from the both sisters misjudged all about Mr. Sumarsono and what they have done, they thought that they would feel ashamed, instead of underestimating him. Their prejudice has made them blind to not know who actually Mr. Sumarsono was. Beside it was from their mother, they also felt embarrassed him because they can not be an appropriate hostess to him while Mr. Sumarsono showed his unruffled courtesy. Although Mr. Sumarsono couldn’t speak English well and only responded all Mrs. Riordan and her daughters with simple nodded and smile, at least he knew what attitude he supposed to do when he was visiting people’s house in other country. â€Å"I was embarrassed not only for my mother but also for poor Mr. Sumarsono. Whatever he had expected from a country weekend in America, It could not have been a cramped attic room, two sullen girls, voluble and incomprehensible hostess. I felt we had failed him, we had betrayed his unruffled courtesy, with our bewildering commands, our waving forks, our irresponsible talk about lizard. I wanted to save him. I wanted to liberate poor Mr. Sumarsono from this aerial grid of misunderstandings.† (Page 274 line 24) This story is pertaining aspect of prejudice side. Therefore, prejudice has both cognitive and affective components. Affective component is the positive or negative attitude or feeling while cognitive component contains stereotypes. Stereotypes are beliefs about people based on their membership in a particular group. Stereotypes can be positive, negative, or neutral. Stereotypes based on gender, ethnicity, or occupation are common in many societies. Stereotypes often results from, and leads to, prejudice and bigotry. The reasons appearing of stereotype is variable, It occurs When people encounter instances that disconfirm their stereotypes of a particular group, they tend to assume that those instances are atypical subtypes of the group. Second, People’s perceptions are influenced by their expectations. And last, People selectively recall instances that confirm their stereotypes and forget about disconfirming instances. As a branch from stereotype, prejudice is a destructive p henomenon, and it is pervasive because it serves many psychological, social, and economic functions. It allows people to bond with their own group by contrasting their own groups to outsider groups. Conclusion This short story which Roxana wrote showed about an experience of Indonesian immigrant who visited and spent the weekend at one of New Jersey’s families, Riordan’s house. Based on discussion above, it is described that the two daughters, Susan and Kate had first bad impression toward Mr. Sumarsono as a strange foreigner. This signs that their attitude showed the prejudice aspect of the racial differences.

Staff motivation Research Proposal Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Staff motivation - Research Proposal Example Infact, Conndrey (2010) asserts that as a key internal force to satisfy the unsatisfied needs, staff motivation is capable of directing individuals’ behaviours in order to satisfy the particular needs.Thus, management ought to not only understand what the staff need but also how to satisfy those needs. It is within this backdrop therefore that this particular paper intends provide a proposal on management staff motivation with a case study of the Dnata Marhaba Department. The major focus of this particular research is to investigate staff motivation and the effectiveness of the Human Resource Management programs at the Dnata Marhaba Department in the Dubai International Airport. The research intends to respond to the below questions: According to Patterson et.al (2003), there is considerately a smaller number of research or studies regarding the relationship between staff motivation and management. This particular study will try to investigate that relation within the context of the Dnata Marhaba Department of the Dubai International Airport (Patterson et.al 2003, p88). The perspective of employee motivation is significantly associated with the effective implementation of HRM practices. The study will try to combine several theories of both HRM and motivation so as to explore those that are relevant to the organization under study. The discussions will be handled with a major focus on three important factors that influence motivation including compensation and benefits; training and development and performance management Although developments in terms of technology have transformed the place of work in recent years, there is no doubt that human beings still play a significant role in as far as the operation of an organization is concerned. As a result, it can be argued that human factor is very critical to the success of any organization. As highlighted

Museography Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Museography - Essay Example he same meaning as globalisation, these terms are far from the present definition of globalisation and far from appropriately expressing the status of contemporary art. Globalisation at present is defined as the growth of the relationship of nations beyond territories (Scholte 42) which in if examined further, means a relationship that is not limited by territorial boundaries of countries. The global relationship that is free from the restrictions of territory gives way to the further exploration of cultures, customs and economic practices of other nations while also providing the chance of explorative collaboration of nations with a common goal of improving bonds and creating innovations among nations. Moreover, globalisation in this sense means crossing even the boundaries set by society on matters that are socially acceptable and those considered taboo by the public. After clearly defining the term globalisation in relation to Hou Hanru’s statement, it is now easy to analyze the effects of the contemporary definition globalisation to the art world relative to Hou Hanru’s statement on promoting different cultures and fusing these cultures through art. Analyzing the effects of globalisation to the art world would mean looking into every perspective of the connection between the concept of globalisation and art. Some angles that would help in better understanding of the interrelation between globalisation and art are the readiness of nations to accept differences in cultures and art ideas; the willingness to fuse art concepts; and the openness to incorporate new ideas and elements into concepts of art. The preparedness of nations in accepting cultures and concepts of other nations taking into consideration that some cultures and ideas may have some conflict points with each other would be an area of concern because this may cause misunderstanding among nations. For instance, an incident in the Interpol art exhibition in Sweden wherein the art event was to

The satisfaction level of e-government in Saudi Arabia Dissertation

The satisfaction level of e-government in Saudi Arabia - Dissertation Example Moreover, the trust of people to the particular schemes seems still to be rather low – despite the efforts for the continuous increase of these systems’ safety. The proposed study focuses on the examination of the effectiveness of e-government in Saudi Arabia. Emphasis is given on the level of the citizens’ satisfaction regarding the particular systems. A series of related issues are also critically discussed, as analyzed in the study’s Research Objectives section. At a first level, the performance of e-government in Saudi Arabia seems to be satisfactory; however, if reviewing the resources engaged in the realization of the particular plan it is made clear that the specific plan has not achieved the targets of its initiators. The reasons for this failure are going to be investigated through this study; suggestions will be also made for the system’s improvement so that citizens’ satisfaction is increased. Current study will help to understand the progress of e-government in Saudi Arabia based on the level of satisfaction of the citizens. In this way, the system’s advantages and drawbacks will be revealed. E-government is of particular importance for the government in Saudi Arabia. The proposed study will offer valuable details both on the system’s performance up to now and its needs for updates/ improvements in order to become more effective. Background In accordance with Al-Tameen et al. (2008) the development of e-government in Saudi Arabia has been initiated because of a series of factors, which have been all important in the plan’s development. Strategic motives seem to have been combined with economic reasons for supporting the development of the particular framework. In general, the development of e-government in Saudi Arabia should be characterized as quite satisfactory – both in terms of the system’s quality and the time spent on the system’s development. In a recent inte rview of the country’s Minister of Communications and Information Technology, Ahmed Mulla, the country’s government has set the effective development of e-government across the country as a priority (Oxford Business Group 2010, p.247). The above plan is combined with efforts for improving the quality of IT systems engaged in various governmental projects and increase the volume/ quality of education provided to these systems’ users. In accordance with the minister, the value of the above efforts is reflected to the Saudi E-government Achievement Award, a prize that has been introduced in order to reward the efforts towards the development of e-government across the country (Oxford Business Group 2010). Research Aim The government of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia established an e-government framework that could be used regularly by citizens. However, problems have been identified in the system’s performance; more specifically, complaints have been stated by citizens who use e-government services either regularly or periodically. This research aims to examine the satisfaction level of e-government in order to get a high level of satisfaction. The identification of the system’s failures and the suggestion of appropriate solutions will help to the